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California zero-emissions vehicle:
The CARB ZEV program was enacted by the Californian government to promote the use of zero emissions vehicles. The program goal is to reduce the pervasive air pollution affecting the main metropolitan areas in the state, particularly in Los Angeles, where prolonged pollution episodes are frequent. The first ruling was the 1990 Low-Emission Vehicle (LEV 1) Program.
The first definition has its origin in the California ZEV rule, adopted as part of the 1990 Low-Emission (LEV 1) Program mandated by CARB. The ZEV regulation has evolved and has been modified several times since 1990 and several new partial or low-emission categories were created and defined as follows:
*LEV (Low Emission Vehicle): The least stringent emission standard for all new cars sold in California beyond 2004.
*ULEV (Ultra Low Emission Vehicle): 50% cleaner than the average new 2003 model year vehicle.
*SULEV (Super Ultra Low Emission Vehicle): These vehicles emit substantially lower levels of hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, oxides of nitrogen and particulate matter than conventional vehicles. They are 90% cleaner than the average new 2003 model year vehicle.
*PZEV (Partial Zero Emission Vehicle): Meets SULEV tailpipe standards, has a 15 year/150,000 mile warranty, and zero evaporative emissions. These vehicles are 80% cleaner than the average 2002 model year car.
*AT PZEV (Advanced Technology PZEV): These are advanced technology vehicles that meet PZEV standards and include ZEV enabling technology, They are 80% cleaner than the average 2002 model year car.
*ZEV (Zero Emission Vehicle): Zero tailpipe emissions and 98% cleaner than the average new 2003 model year vehicle. The Low-Emissions Vehicle Program is currently under revision to define modified ZEV regulations for 2015 models.
Brought to you from the left coast, more updates to come.
Listed below is a link to an interview with Henry Hippert on the latest rules and regulations on Catalytic Converters.
Walker Exhaust Training On Oxygen Sensors
If a catalytic converter needs replacing, one of the problems listed in the PDF below most likely contributed to its failure.